Toxicology

Biography

Biography: Meena Kumari Kamal Kishore

Abstract

Aim: To analyze the hematological adverse drug reactions (ADRs) due to anticancer drugs in a tertiary care hospital. Material & Methods: It was a prospective, observational study done on patients admitted to the medical oncology ward of Kasturba Hospital, Manipal from October 2014 to March 2015. All patients developing hematological adverse drug reactions were included. CDSCO proforma was used for reporting ADRs. Causality was assessed using Naranjo Algorithm. Severity was assessed using Hartwig and Siegel severity scale. Preventability was assessed using Modified Shumock and Thornton preventability scale. Results: Forty patients in this study were found to have hematological ADRs, of which twenty one were males and rest females. Highest incidence was seen in 21-40 y (50%) age group compared to least in 1-20 y (7.5 %) age groups. The most common ADRs were anemia (27.5%), followed by thrombocytopenia (25%), neutropenia (20%), leucopenia (17.5%) and bone marrow suppression (10%). Antimetabolites group contributed to majority of ADRs (30 %), followed by anticancer antibiotics (25%), alkylating agents (15%), topoisomerase-II inhibitors (12.5%), platinum compounds (10 %), microtubule inhibitors (5%) and miscellaneous (2.5%) comprising the least. Totally 24 patients recovered from the ADRs. Majority (97.5 %) of the ADRs were of moderate severity. The results of causality assessment of most of the cases were possible (85 %). All the ADRs were not preventable. Conclusion: Anticancer drugs are known for multiple adverse effects. Early detection and timely management of the ADR with appropriate therapy would reduce the fatal ADRs.